This peer-reviewed Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health study compared Arkangel AI, OpenEvidence, ChatGPT, and Medisearch across four clinical vignettes and four question types. The design produced 128 Q/A pairs and 1024 expert evaluations using an eight-criterion Likert scale.
Overall satisfaction ranged from 71.1% to 93% across agents (Kruskal-Wallis P<.001). Reference authenticity reached 100% satisfaction for Arkangel AI-Deep, ChatGPT-Deep, and OpenEvidence. ChatGPT modes were rated unsatisfactory in 75–97% of evaluator pairs, and median response times ranged from 18 seconds to 12.8 minutes (Wilcoxon P<.05).




