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Breast Cancer: Risk Assessment Tool

About 1 in 8 women will develop invasive breast cancer throughout their lifetime. Prevent it by identifying potential signs at an early stage.

Problem

Breast cancer remains a significant health concern as the most prominent cancer diagnosed in women, aside from non-melanoma skin cancers. In the region, they are diagnosed in advanced stages, which significantly reducesfive-year survival rates and increases treatment costs [1].


Early detection is critical, with recommended screening techniques such as mammography and MRI pivotal in identifying cancer at treatable stages. Breast cancer's potential to metastasize heightens the urgency for prompt intervention, guided by a variety of treatments tailored to the stage and specifics of each case.

Why it matters

  • 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime, with 75% of cases occurring after age 55, emphasizing the need for research and effective treatment options.
  • Breast cancer is the most common cause of  cancer death in women in the Americas.
  • In 2020, there were more than 210,000 new  diagnoses in Latin America and the Caribbean, and almost 68,000 deaths.
  • Each year in the Americas, more than  491,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer; and almost 106,391 women die  from this disease [1].

Solution

Automated Diagnosis: Deep learning models analyze mammogram images with high  precision, detecting anomalies in early stages [3].

Enhanced Screening Coverage: AI platforms enable remote diagnosis through telemedicine,  especially in underserved regions.

Reduced Specialist Dependence: In areas with a shortage of radiologists, AI supports  diagnosis, improving efficiency.

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Datasources

Sources include the PanAmerican Health Organization's guidelines on breast cancer risk factors andprevention, the Colombian Ministry of Health's clinical practice guidelinesummaries on breast cancer, and the Colombian National Cancer Institute's detailedscreening and treatment guidelines.

Citations

  1. PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). (n.d.). Breast Cancer Prevention: RiskFactors and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/en/documents/prevention-breast-cancer-risk-factors-and-prevention
  2. Ministryof Health and Social Protection of Colombia. (2020). Executive Summary of theClinical Practice Guidelines for Breast Cancer. Retrieved from https://www.minsalud.gov.co/English/Paginas/Home.aspx
  3. Łukasiewicz,S., Czeczelewski, M., Forma, A., Baj, J., Sitarz, R., & Stanisławek, A.(2021). Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, PrognosticMarkers, and Current Treatment Strategies—An Updated Review. Cancers (Basel),13(17), 4287. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174287
  4. PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). (n.d.). Fact Sheet on Breast Cancer in theAmericas. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/es/temas/cancermama#:~:text=El%20c%C3%A1ncer%20de%20mama
  5. ConsultorSalud. (n.d.). Breast Cancer Showed Higher Prevalence Last Year in LatinAmerica. Retrieved from https://consultorsalud.com/cancer-de-mama-reporto-mayor-prevalencia-en-el-ultimo-ano-en-america-latina/

Problem

Breast cancer remains a significant health concern as the most prominent cancer diagnosed in women, aside from non-melanoma skin cancers. In the region, they are diagnosed in advanced stages, which significantly reducesfive-year survival rates and increases treatment costs [1].


Early detection is critical, with recommended screening techniques such as mammography and MRI pivotal in identifying cancer at treatable stages. Breast cancer's potential to metastasize heightens the urgency for prompt intervention, guided by a variety of treatments tailored to the stage and specifics of each case.

Problem Size

  • 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime, with 75% of cases occurring after age 55, emphasizing the need for research and effective treatment options.
  • Breast cancer is the most common cause of  cancer death in women in the Americas.
  • In 2020, there were more than 210,000 new  diagnoses in Latin America and the Caribbean, and almost 68,000 deaths.
  • Each year in the Americas, more than  491,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer; and almost 106,391 women die  from this disease [1].

Solution

Automated Diagnosis: Deep learning models analyze mammogram images with high  precision, detecting anomalies in early stages [3].

Enhanced Screening Coverage: AI platforms enable remote diagnosis through telemedicine,  especially in underserved regions.

Reduced Specialist Dependence: In areas with a shortage of radiologists, AI supports  diagnosis, improving efficiency.

Opportunity Cost

While AI implementation has an initialcost, it compensates through reduced advanced treatment expenses and improvedpatient quality of life [3].


Impact

-           The prognosis after a breastcancer diagnosis has improved dramatically in high-income countries, which haveseen a 40% decrease in age-standardized breast cancer mortality between 1980and 2020, following the introduction of early detection programs andstandardized treatment protocols.

-           Mortality reduction: A 30%decrease in breast cancer deaths is projected with efficient early detection [3].

-           Accessibility and equity: AItools can improve access to diagnosis in remote areas, reducing disparities inhealth outcomes [4].

-            Health system sustainability: By reducing theburden of advanced treatments, health systems can redistribute resources toother critical areas [3].


Data Sources

Sources include the PanAmerican Health Organization's guidelines on breast cancer risk factors andprevention, the Colombian Ministry of Health's clinical practice guidelinesummaries on breast cancer, and the Colombian National Cancer Institute's detailedscreening and treatment guidelines.


References

  1. PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). (n.d.). Breast Cancer Prevention: RiskFactors and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/en/documents/prevention-breast-cancer-risk-factors-and-prevention
  2. Ministryof Health and Social Protection of Colombia. (2020). Executive Summary of theClinical Practice Guidelines for Breast Cancer. Retrieved from https://www.minsalud.gov.co/English/Paginas/Home.aspx
  3. Łukasiewicz,S., Czeczelewski, M., Forma, A., Baj, J., Sitarz, R., & Stanisławek, A.(2021). Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, PrognosticMarkers, and Current Treatment Strategies—An Updated Review. Cancers (Basel),13(17), 4287. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174287
  4. PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). (n.d.). Fact Sheet on Breast Cancer in theAmericas. Retrieved from https://www.paho.org/es/temas/cancermama#:~:text=El%20c%C3%A1ncer%20de%20mama
  5. ConsultorSalud. (n.d.). Breast Cancer Showed Higher Prevalence Last Year in LatinAmerica. Retrieved from https://consultorsalud.com/cancer-de-mama-reporto-mayor-prevalencia-en-el-ultimo-ano-en-america-latina/

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